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Physical / Mechanical Testing - Bend & Hardness Test

Description

Vickers Hardness
The Vickers hardness test uses a square-based pyramid diamond indenter with an angle of 136º between the opposite faces at the vertex, which is pressed into the surface of the test piece using a prescribed force, F. The time for the initial application of the force is 2 s to 8 s, and the test force is maintained for 10 s to 15 s. After the force has been removed, the diagonal lengths of the indentation are measured and the arithmetic mean, d, is calculated. The Vickers hardness number, HV, is given by:
HV = Constant × Test force / Surface area of indentation

Bend Hardness Testing

 

 

Standard Vickers Scales

Micro Hardness Scales Test Force F (N)
HV 0.01 0.09807
HV 0.015 0.1471
HV 0.02 0.1961
HV 0.025 0.2452
HV 0.05 0.4903
HV 0.1 0.9807
Low Force Hardness Scales Test Force F (N)
HV 0.2 1.961
HV 0.3 2.942
HV 0.5 4.903
HV 1 9.807
HV 2 19.61
HV 3 29.42
Low Force Hardness Scales Test Force F (N)
HV 5 49.03
HV 10 98.07
HV 20 196.1
HV 30 294.2
HV 50 490.3
HV 100 980.7

Standards

BS EN ISO 6507-1:1998,
(BS 427:Part 1:1961)
Metallic materials. Vickers hardness test. Test method
ASTM E92-82(1997)e3 Standard Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Materials

The Vickers hardness test uses a square-based pyramid diamond indenter with an angle of 136º between the opposite faces at the vertex, which is pressed into the surface of the test piece using a prescribed force, F.

The time for the initial application of the force is 2 s to 8 s, and the test force is maintained for 10 s to 15 s. After the force has been removed, the diagonal lengths of the indentation are measured and the arithmetic mean, d, is calculated. The Vickers hardness number, HV, is given by: HB = Constant × F / Surface area of indentation

 

 

Standard Brinell Scales

Hardness Scales Ball diameter, D (mm) Nominal force, F (N)
HBW 10/3000 10 29420
HBW 10/1500 10 14710
HBW 10/1000 10 9807
HBW 10/500 10 4903
HBW 10/250 10 2452
HBW 10/100 10 980.7
HBW 5/750 5 7355
HBW 5/250 5 2452
HBW 5/125 5 1226
HBW 5/62.5 5 612.9
HBW 5/25 5 245.2
HBW 2.5/187.5 2.5 1839
HBW 2.5/62.5 2.5 612.9
HBW 2.5/31.25 2.5 306.5
HBW 2.5/15.625 2.5 153.2
HBW 2.5/6.25 2.5 61.29
HBW 1/30 1 294.2
HBW 1/10 1 98.07
HBW 1/5 1 49.03
HBW 1/2.5 1 24.52
HBW 1/1 1 9.807

The designation "HBW" specifies the use of a tungsten carbide ball indenter.
The designation "HBS" specifies the use of a hardened steel ball indenter but is now deleted from standards.
It should be noted that measurements of HBW and HBS on the same sample may differ in value due to differences in the tribological characteristics of the indenter-specimen interface.

Standards

BS EN ISO 6506-1:1999,
(BS 240:Part 1:1962)
Metallic materials. Brinell hardness test. Test method
E10-01 Standard Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials